孟加拉語/語法
外觀
< 孟加拉語
下面給出了一些孟加拉語的基本句型。主語 + “be” 動詞 + 名詞/形容詞
表達“to be” 動詞有不同的方式。在現在時中,用於處理性格和特徵的“to be” 動詞大多省略(例如,形式 আছি, হই, হও, হয় 等)。
I am. - আমি - Ami. You (sg.) are. - তুমি - Tumi He/she is. - সে - Shay We are. - আমরা - Amra You (pl.) are. - তোমরা - Tomra They are. - তারা - Tara John is. - জন - John
I am well. - আমি ভাল (আছি)। - Ami bhalo (achi). He is tall. - সে লম্বা। - Shay lomba. She is beautiful. - সে সুন্দরী। - Shay sundori. You are intelligent. - তুমি বুদ্ধিমান। - Tumi buddhiman. We are humans. - আমরা মানুষ। - Amra Manush.
在其他時態中,可以使用“hooya” 這個動詞,它表示“to become”。
表達“to be” 動詞的另一種方式是使用“ach-” 的動詞詞幹,它字面意思是“to be present”。
Ami ekhane achi. - I am here. Tumi ekhane acho. - You (sg/informal) are here. Se ekhane ache. - He/she (far/informal) is here. Amra ekhane achi. - We are here. (I/we have the same conjugated verb) Tomra ekhane acho. - You (pl/informal) are here. Tini ekhane achen. - They are here.
現在時
一般現在時表達諸如“我睡覺”,“我們吃飯”,“你工作”之類的想法。
在孟加拉語中,一般現在時透過新增動詞詞根和一個結尾來進行變位。結尾取決於說話人的身份(即,我/你/我們/他們等等)。
例如,孟加拉語中“to eat” 這個動詞是“khete”,它的詞根是“kha”。
Ami (I): Kha-i Tumi (You sg/informal): Kha-o O(he/she): Kha-e Amra (We): Kha-i Tumra (You pl/informal): Kha-o Ora (Them / informal): Kha-e Apna (You formal): Kha-n
一般來說,動詞結尾如下
Ami (I): root + "i" Tumi (You sg/informal): root + "o" O(he/she): root + "e" Amra (We): root + "i" Tumra (You pl/informal): root + "o" Ora (Them / Informal): root + "e" Apna (You formal): root + "en"
示例
I eat: Ami Khai You eat: Tumi Khao He eats fish: O Mach khae
We eat quickly: Amra taratari khai
現在分詞
現在分詞代表目前正在進行的動作。在英語中,你會說“我正在吃飯”,“他正在睡覺”,“我們正在工作”。
在孟加拉語中,你可以透過取動詞詞根並新增一個結尾來變位現在分詞,這個結尾取決於主語的說話人的身份(即,我/我們/我們/他們)。
例如,孟加拉語中“to eat” 這個動詞是“khete”,它的詞根是“kha”。
Ami (I): Kha-chi Tumi (You sg/informal): Kha-cho O(he/she): Kha-che Amra (We): Kha-chi Tumra (You pl/informal): Kha-cho Ora (Them / informal): Kha-che Apna (You formal): Kha-chen
一般來說,動詞結尾如下
Ami (I): root + "chi" Tumi (You sg/informal): root + "cho" O(he/she): root + "che" Amra (We): root + "chi" Tumra (You pl/informal): root + "cho" Ora (Them / Informal): root + "che" Apna (You formal): root + "chen"
示例
I am eating: Ami Khachi You (inf) are eating: Tumi Khacho He is sleeping: O Gumache We are sleeping: Amra Gumachi You (formal) are sleeping: Apni Gumachen