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工程表格/Z 變換性質
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外觀
移到側邊欄
隱藏
來自華夏公益教科書,開放的書籍,為開放的世界
<
工程表格
時域
Z 域
ROC
符號
x
[
n
]
=
Z
−
1
{
X
(
z
)
}
{\displaystyle x[n]={\mathcal {Z}}^{-1}\{X(z)\}}
X
(
z
)
=
Z
{
x
[
n
]
}
{\displaystyle X(z)={\mathcal {Z}}\{x[n]\}}
ROC:
r
2
<
|
z
|
<
r
1
{\displaystyle r_{2}<|z|<r_{1}\ }
線性
a
1
x
1
[
n
]
+
a
2
x
2
[
n
]
{\displaystyle a_{1}x_{1}[n]+a_{2}x_{2}[n]\ }
a
1
X
1
(
z
)
+
a
2
X
2
(
z
)
{\displaystyle a_{1}X_{1}(z)+a_{2}X_{2}(z)\ }
至少 ROC
1
和 ROC
2
的交集
時間移位
x
[
n
−
k
]
{\displaystyle x[n-k]\ }
z
−
k
X
(
z
)
{\displaystyle z^{-k}X(z)\ }
ROC,除了
z
=
0
{\displaystyle z=0\ }
如果
k
>
0
{\displaystyle k>0\,}
和
z
=
∞
{\displaystyle z=\infty }
如果
k
<
0
{\displaystyle k<0\ }
Z 域的縮放
a
n
x
[
n
]
{\displaystyle a^{n}x[n]\ }
X
(
a
−
1
z
)
{\displaystyle X(a^{-1}z)\ }
|
a
|
r
2
<
|
z
|
<
|
a
|
r
1
{\displaystyle |a|r_{2}<|z|<|a|r_{1}\ }
時間反轉
x
[
−
n
]
{\displaystyle x[-n]\ }
X
(
z
−
1
)
{\displaystyle X(z^{-1})\ }
1
r
2
<
|
z
|
<
1
r
1
{\displaystyle {\frac {1}{r_{2}}}<|z|<{\frac {1}{r_{1}}}\ }
共軛
x
∗
[
n
]
{\displaystyle x^{*}[n]\ }
X
∗
(
z
∗
)
{\displaystyle X^{*}(z^{*})\ }
ROC
實部
Re
{
x
[
n
]
}
{\displaystyle \operatorname {Re} \{x[n]\}\ }
1
2
[
X
(
z
)
+
X
∗
(
z
∗
)
]
{\displaystyle {\frac {1}{2}}\left[X(z)+X^{*}(z^{*})\right]}
ROC
虛部
Im
{
x
[
n
]
}
{\displaystyle \operatorname {Im} \{x[n]\}\ }
1
2
j
[
X
(
z
)
−
X
∗
(
z
∗
)
]
{\displaystyle {\frac {1}{2j}}\left[X(z)-X^{*}(z^{*})\right]}
ROC
微分
n
x
[
n
]
{\displaystyle nx[n]\ }
−
z
d
X
(
z
)
d
z
{\displaystyle -z{\frac {\mathrm {d} X(z)}{\mathrm {d} z}}}
ROC
卷積
x
1
[
n
]
∗
x
2
[
n
]
{\displaystyle x_{1}[n]*x_{2}[n]\ }
X
1
(
z
)
X
2
(
z
)
{\displaystyle X_{1}(z)X_{2}(z)\ }
至少 ROC
1
和 ROC
2
的交集
相關性
r
x
1
,
x
2
(
l
)
=
x
1
[
l
]
∗
x
2
[
−
l
]
{\displaystyle r_{x_{1},x_{2}}(l)=x_{1}[l]*x_{2}[-l]\ }
R
x
1
,
x
2
(
z
)
=
X
1
(
z
)
X
2
(
z
−
1
)
{\displaystyle R_{x_{1},x_{2}}(z)=X_{1}(z)X_{2}(z^{-1})\ }
至少在 X
1
(z) 和 X
2
(
z
−
1
{\displaystyle z^{-1}}
) 的 ROC 交集處
乘法
x
1
[
n
]
x
2
[
n
]
{\displaystyle x_{1}[n]x_{2}[n]\ }
1
j
2
π
∮
C
X
1
(
v
)
X
2
(
z
v
)
v
−
1
d
v
{\displaystyle {\frac {1}{j2\pi }}\oint _{C}X_{1}(v)X_{2}({\frac {z}{v}})v^{-1}\mathrm {d} v\ }
至少
r
1
l
r
2
l
<
|
z
|
<
r
1
u
r
2
u
{\displaystyle r_{1l}r_{2l}<|z|<r_{1u}r_{2u}\ }
帕塞瓦爾定理
∑
∞
x
1
[
n
]
x
2
∗
[
n
]
{\displaystyle \sum ^{\infty }x_{1}[n]x_{2}^{*}[n]\ }
1
j
2
π
∮
C
X
1
(
v
)
X
2
∗
(
1
v
∗
)
v
−
1
d
v
{\displaystyle {\frac {1}{j2\pi }}\oint _{C}X_{1}(v)X_{2}^{*}({\frac {1}{v^{*}}})v^{-1}\mathrm {d} v\ }
初始值定理
x
[
0
]
=
lim
z
→
∞
X
(
z
)
{\displaystyle x[0]=\lim _{z\rightarrow \infty }X(z)\ }
,如果
x
[
n
]
{\displaystyle x[n]\,}
為因果訊號
最終值定理
x
[
∞
]
=
lim
z
→
1
(
z
−
1
)
X
(
z
)
{\displaystyle x[\infty ]=\lim _{z\rightarrow 1}(z-1)X(z)\ }
,只有當
(
z
−
1
)
X
(
z
)
{\displaystyle (z-1)X(z)\ }
的極點都在單位圓內時
類別
:
書籍: 工程表格
華夏公益教科書