SQL 方言參考/函式和表示式/數學函式/數值函式
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< SQL 方言參考
| SQL 版本 | 功能 | 標準 SQL:2011 |
DB2 | Firebird | Ingres | Linter | MSSQL | MySQL 版本 5.x |
MonetDB | Oracle 版本 11.x |
PostgreSQL | SQLite | Virtuoso |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ? | 絕對值 of x | ABS(x) | ABS(x) | ABS(x) | ABS(x) | ABS(x) | ABS(x) | ABS(x) | ABS(x) | ABS(x) | ABS(x) | ABS(x) | ABS(x) |
| ? | 數字 x 的符號 | N/A | SIGN(x) | SIGN(x) | SING(x) | SIGN(x) | SIGN(x) | SIGN(x) | SIGN(x) | SIGN(x) | SIGN(x) | N/A | SIGN(x) |
| ? | 模數 (餘數) of | MOD(x, y) | MOD(x, y) | MOD(x, y) | MOD(x, y) | MOD(x, y) | x % y | x % y MOD(x, y) |
x % y MOD(x, y) |
MOD(x, y) | x % y MOD(x, y) |
x % y | MOD(x, y) |
| ? | 最小的整數 >= x | CEILING(x) CEIL(x) |
CEILING(x) CEIL(x) |
CEILING(x) CEIL(x) |
CEIL(x) CEILING(x) |
CEIL(x) | CEILING(x) | CEILING(x) CEIL(x) |
CEILING(x) CEIL(x) |
CEIL(x) | CEILING(x) CEIL(x) |
N/A | CEILING(x) |
| ? | 最大的整數 <= x | FLOOR(x) | FLOOR(x) | FLOOR(x) | FLOOR(x) | FLOOR(x) | FLOOR(x) | FLOOR(x) | FLOOR(x) | FLOOR(x) | FLOOR(x) | N/A | FLOOR(x) |
| ? | 舍入 x(到 d 位精度) | N/A | ROUND(x, d) | ROUND(x, d) | ROUND(x, d) | ROUND(x[, d]) | ROUND(x[, d]) | ROUND(x[, d]) | ROUND(x, d) | ROUND(x[, d]) | ROUND(x[, d]) | ROUND(x[, d]) | ROUND(x) |
| ? | 將 x 截斷到 n 位小數 | N/A | TRUNCATE(x, n) TRUNC(x, n) |
TRUNC(x[, n]) | TRUNCATE(x, n) TRUNC(x, n) |
TRUNC(x[, d]) | ROUND(x[, d], 1) | TRUNCATE(x[, dn) | sys.ms_trunc(x, n) | TRUNC | TRUNC(x[, y]) | N/A | N/A |
| ? | x 的平方根 () | SQRT(x) | SQRT(x) | SQRT(x) | SQRT(x) | SQRT(x) | SQRT(x) | SQRT(x) | SQRT(x) | SQRT(x) | SQRT(x) | N/A | SQRT(x) |
| ? | 指數 of x () | EXP(x) | EXP(x) | EXP(x) | EXP(x) | EXP(x) | EXP(x) | EXP(x) | EXP(x) | EXP(x) | EXP(x) | N/A | EXP(x) |
| ? | 冪 () | POWER(x, y) | POWER(x, y) | POWER(x, y) | POWER(x, y) x ** y |
POWER(x, y) | POWER(x, y) | POW(x, y) POWER(x, y) |
POWER(x, y) | POWER(x, y) | POWER(x, y) | N/A | POWER(x,y) |
| ? | x 的自然對數 | LN(x) | LN(x) | LN(x) | LOG(x) LN(x) |
LN(x) | LOG(x) | LN(x) LOG(x) |
LN(x) LOG(x) |
LN(x) | LN(x) | N/A | LOG(x) |
| ? | x 的對數,底數為 b | N/A | LOG(b, x) | LOG(b, x) | N/A | LOG(b, x) | LOG(x, b) | LOG(b, x) | LOG(b, x) | LOG(b, x) | LOG(b, x) | N/A | ? |
| ? | 以 10 為底的對數 | N/A | LOG10(x) | LOG10(x) | N/A | N/A | LOG10(x) | LOG10(x) | LOG10(x) | LOG(x) | LOG(x) | N/A | LOG(x) |
| ? | 隨機化,將種子設定為 x | N/A | RAND(x) | N/A | SET RANDOM_SEED x | RAND(x) | RAND(x) | RAND(x) | RAND(x) | random()[1] | SETSEED(x) | N/A | RANDOMIZE([x]) |
| ? | 生成 0 到 1 之間的浮點隨機數 | N/A | RAND() | RAND() | RANDOMF() | RAND() | RAND() | RAND() | CAST(RAND() as float) / 2147483648 | dbms_random.value (返回數字 >= 0 且 < 1)dbms_random.value(37, 89) (返回一個 >= 37 且 < 89 的隨機數) |
RANDOM() | RANDOM() (在 −263 和 263 之間) | RND() |
| ? | 列表 中的最高數字 | N/A | N/A | MAXVALUE(list) | ? | GREATEST(list) | N/A | GREATEST(list) | GREATEST(a, b) | GREATEST(list) | GREATEST(list) | MAX(list) | MAX(list) |
| ? | 列表 中的最低數字 | N/A | N/A | MINVALUE(list) | ? | LEAST(list) | N/A | LEAST(list) | LEAST(a, b) | LEAST(list) | LEAST(list) | MIN(list) | MIN(list) |
- ↑ Oracle 中的 random() 函式可以在內建的 DBMS 包 dbms_random 中找到。