USMLE 步驟 1 複習/肌肉骨骼
解剖學
上肢 下肢
生理學
生物化學
D == Degeneration: DJD, 骨質疏鬆症, 脊柱退行性病變
I == Infection: 尿路感染, 盆腔炎, 肺結核, 骨髓炎, 前列腺炎, 損傷/骨折, 壓縮性骨折。
S == Spondylitis, 強直性脊柱炎 (類風溼性關節炎, 反應性關節炎, 系統性紅斑狼瘡)
K == Kidney stones/infarction/infection (pyelo/abscess)
M == Multiple myeloma, Metastasis from breast, prostate, lung, thyroid, kidney CA
A == Aneurysm, Abdominal pain referred to the back (see acute abdominal pain)
S == Slipped disk, Spondylolisthesis
S == Strain, Scoliosis/lordosis, Skin: herpes zoster.