LaTeX/主題

LaTeX 新手經常會因為該系統缺乏視覺自定義功能而感到失望。實際上，這是有意為之：LaTeX 的理念是專注于格式化，而讓作者專注於內容。

在本節中，我們將展示透過一些努力可以實現的目標。

簡介

接下來，我們將編寫主題，一個只改變文件外觀的包，這樣我們的文件就可以使用或不使用主題。

請注意，雖然它可能看起來很美觀，但這絕對不是排版的典範。你不應該在嚴肅的出版物中使用這種主題。這更多的是一個技術示例，展示 LaTeX 的功能。

• 
  自定義主題（目錄）
• 
  自定義主題
• 
  自定義主題（紅色）

包配置

這裡沒有什麼好說的。這直接應用了建立包一章的內容。

我們載入所需的包。

• needspace 用於防止在分節命令後立即出現分頁符。
• tikz 用於繪製花哨的素材。

我們定義了一個顏色選項，你可以根據需要使用任意數量的選項。使用特定名稱定義顏色使其非常靈活。我們還使用了一個選項來切換花哨的反射效果，這可能有點過分！

\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e} \ProvidesPackage{theme-fancy}[2013/01/13 v1.0 fancy theme] %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %% Packages \RequirePackage{geometry} \RequirePackage{needspace} \RequirePackage[svgnames]{xcolor} \RequirePackage{hyperref} \hypersetup{colorlinks=true} \RequirePackage{fancyhdr} \RequirePackage{tikz} \usetikzlibrary{ calc, decorations.pathmorphing, fadings, shadows, shapes.geometric, shapes.misc, } %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %% Options %% Toggle reflection. \newif\if@mirrors\@mirrorsfalse \DeclareOption{mirrors}{ \@mirrorstrue } %% Colors. \newif\if@red\@redfalse \DeclareOption{red}{ \@redtrue } \ExecuteOptions{} \ProcessOptions\relax %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %% Configuration \renewcommand{\familydefault}{\sfdefault} \setlength{\parskip}{0.5\baselineskip} %% Colors \colorlet{toctitle}{DarkGray!50!black} \colorlet{titlebg}{MidnightBlue} \colorlet{titlefg}{LightBlue} \colorlet{titletxt}{MidnightBlue} \colorlet{sectionfg}{MidnightBlue} \colorlet{subsectionfg}{SteelBlue} \colorlet{subsubsectionfg}{LightSteelBlue!60!black} \if@red \colorlet{toctitle}{DarkGray!50!black} \colorlet{titlebg}{DarkRed} \colorlet{titlefg}{FireBrick!50} \colorlet{titletxt}{DarkRed} \colorlet{sectionfg}{DarkRed} \colorlet{subsectionfg}{Crimson!50!black} \colorlet{subsubsectionfg}{LightSteelBlue!60!black} \fi

頁首和頁尾

我們使用 TikZ 繪製一個填充的半圓。

fancyhdr 用於設定頁首和頁尾。我們注意使用 fancy 樣式，並透過 \fancyhf{} 從頭開始擦除之前的頁首和頁尾。

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %% Header and Footer \tikzstyle{foliostyle}=[fill=Lavender, text=MidnightBlue, inner sep=5pt, semicircle] \pagestyle{fancy} \fancyhf{} \fancyfoot[C]{ \vskip 3pt \begin{tikzpicture} \node[foliostyle] {\bfseries\thepage}; \end{tikzpicture} } \renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0.8pt} \addtolength{\headheight}{\baselineskip} \renewcommand{\headrule}{\color{LightGray}\hrule} \fancyhead[LE]{ \textcolor{gray}{\slshape \rightmark} } \fancyhead[RO]{ \textcolor{gray}{\slshape \leftmark} }

目錄

我們重新定義了 \tableofcontents 所使用的命令。

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %% Table of contents \newcommand{\sectiontoccolor}{sectionfg} \newcommand{\subsectiontoccolor}{subsectionfg} \newcommand{\subsubsectiontoccolor}{subsubsectionfg} \renewcommand*\l@section{\color{\sectiontoccolor}\def\@linkcolor{\sectiontoccolor}\@dottedtocline{1}{1.5em}{2.3em}} \renewcommand*\l@subsection{\color{\subsectiontoccolor}\def\@linkcolor{\subsectiontoccolor}\@dottedtocline{1}{2.3em}{3.1em}} \renewcommand*\l@subsubsection{\color{\subsubsectiontoccolor}\def\@linkcolor{\subsubsectiontoccolor}\@dottedtocline{1}{3.1em}{3.9em}} \def\contentsline#1#2#3#4{% \ifx\\#4\\% \csname l@#1\endcsname{#2}{#3}% \else \csname l@#1\endcsname{\hyper@linkstart{link}{#4}{#2}\hyper@linkend}{% \hyper@linkstart{link}{#4}{#3}\hyper@linkend }% \fi } %% New title format -- 'section' is used by default. \newcommand{\tocformat}[1]{{\Huge\bf#1}} \renewcommand\tableofcontents{% \tocformat{ \textcolor{toctitle}{\contentsname} \@mkboth{\MakeUppercase\contentsname}{\MakeUppercase\contentsname} }% \@starttoc{toc}% }

分節

這絕對是最複雜的部分。它並不難，因為 \section、\subsection 和 \subsubsection 的程式碼幾乎相同。

我們使用 \needspace 來確保在分節命令後不會出現換行符。我們將命令包含在一個組中，在該組中設定字型大小，因為我們需要的是 \baselineskip，它取決於字型大小。

帶星號的命令不會設定計數器（LaTeX 的預設行為）。你可以選擇透過重置計數器來以不同的方式處理帶星號的命令。

我們在列印部分之前使用 \noindent。我們確保使用 \par 命令結束列印部分，以確保後面的文字能夠正確列印。

對於 \subsection，我們使用 mirrors 選項來相應地更改外觀。

為了正確處理 PDF 書籤，我們需要在定義的末尾新增以下幾行。

\phantomsection \addcontentsline{toc}{section}{\thesection~#1}

最後，僅對於 \section，我們希望它在頁首中列印，因此我們呼叫 \sectionmark 命令。在這裡，我們改變了帶星號命令的行為，使其與原始 LaTeX 版本不同，因為我們定義並使用了 \sectionmarkstar 命令。

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %% Section style \renewcommand\section{ \@ifstar \my@sectionstar \my@section } %% Note: to justify, text width must be set to \textwidth - 2*(inner sep). \tikzstyle{sectionstyle}=[ inner sep=5pt, text width=\textwidth-10pt, left color=sectionfg!100!white, right color=sectionfg!50!white, rounded corners, text=Ivory, rectangle ] \newcommand\my@section[1]{ \stepcounter{section} {\Large\needspace{\baselineskip}} \noindent \begin{tikzpicture} \node[sectionstyle] {\bfseries\Large\thesection\quad#1}; \end{tikzpicture} \par \phantomsection \addcontentsline{toc}{section}{\thesection~#1} \sectionmark{#1} } \newcommand{\sectionmarkstar}[1]{\markboth{\MakeUppercase{#1}}{}} \newcommand\my@sectionstar[1]{ {\Large\needspace{\baselineskip}} \noindent \begin{tikzpicture} \node[sectionstyle] {\bfseries\Large#1}; \end{tikzpicture} \par \phantomsection \addcontentsline{toc}{section}{#1} \sectionmarkstar{#1} } %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %% Subsection style \renewcommand\subsection{ \@ifstar \my@subsectionstar \my@subsection } \tikzstyle{subsectionstyle}=[ left color=subsectionfg!50!white, right color=subsectionfg!100!white, text=Ivory, ellipse, inner sep=5pt ] \newcommand\my@subsection[1]{ \stepcounter{subsection} {\Large\needspace{\baselineskip}} \noindent \begin{tikzpicture} \node[subsectionstyle,anchor=west] (number) at (0,0) {\bfseries\Large\thesubsection}; \if@mirrors \node[above right,subsectionfg,anchor=south west] at ($(number.east)+(0.1,-0.1)$) {\large\bfseries#1}; \node[yscale=-1, scope fading=south, opacity=0.4, above, anchor=south west, subsectionfg] at ($(number.east)+(0.1,0.1)$) {\large\bfseries#1}; \else \node[above right,subsectionfg,anchor=west] at ($(number.east)+(0.1,0)$) {\large\bfseries#1}; \fi \end{tikzpicture} \par \phantomsection \addcontentsline{toc}{subsection}{\thesubsection~#1} } \newcommand\my@subsectionstar[1]{ {\Large\needspace{\baselineskip}} \noindent \begin{tikzpicture} \node[subsectionstyle,anchor=west] (number) at (0,0) {\bfseries\Large\phantom{1}}; % \if@mirrors \node[above right,subsectionfg,anchor=south west] at ($(number.east)+(0.1,-0.1)$) {\large\bfseries#1}; \node[yscale=-1, scope fading=south, opacity=0.4, above, anchor=south west, subsectionfg] at ($(number.east)+(0.1,0.1)$) {\large\bfseries#1}; \else \node[above right,subsectionfg,anchor=west] at ($(number.east)+(0.1,0)$) {\large\bfseries#1}; \fi \end{tikzpicture} \par \phantomsection \addcontentsline{toc}{subsection}{#1} } %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %% Subsubsection style \renewcommand\subsubsection{ \@ifstar \my@subsubsectionstar \my@subsubsection } \tikzstyle{subsubsectionstyle}=[ left color=subsubsectionfg!50!white, right color=subsubsectionfg!100!white, text=Ivory, shape=trapezium, inner sep=5pt ] \newcommand\my@subsubsection[1]{ \stepcounter{subsubsection} \noindent \begin{tikzpicture} \node[subsubsectionstyle] (number) {\bfseries\large\thesubsubsection}; \node[subsubsectionfg, right of=number, anchor=west] {\large\bfseries#1}; \end{tikzpicture} \par \phantomsection \addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{\thesubsubsection~#1} } \newcommand\my@subsubsectionstar[1]{ \noindent \begin{tikzpicture} \node[subsubsectionstyle] (number) {\bfseries\large\vphantom{1}}; \node[subsubsectionfg, right of=number, anchor=west] {\large\bfseries#1}; \end{tikzpicture} \par \phantomsection \addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{#1} } \endinput